Medications for a number of different ailments are available over the counter, and these are often parents first option when treating their children. While OTC medicine can be effective and may help save you a doctor's visit or a trip to the emergency room, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration cautioned parents that, when it comes to taking these medicines, children shouldn't be thought of as small adults. In other words, there are certain guidelines you should follow when treating your child with OTC medications.

Labels matter
The first and most important thing parents should do before treating their children with unprescribed medicine is to read the entire packaging. This includes ingredients, instructions and warning labels. It's especially critical that parents read and understand the dosage instructions. A teaspoon and a tablespoon may not seem that different, but when introducing a potentially powerful substance into your child's system, this difference can mean a lot. Dosages should be administered exactly as stated on the product's packaging, using a precise measuring tool such as dosage cups, measuring spoons or droppers.

Know the active ingredients
The University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture recommended that parents should also be aware of the active ingredients within a given medicine and how they may affect their child. Some medications, even if they perform similar functions, may have a different number of active ingredients. Active ingredients are those that have the strongest effect, and the university recommended parents try the medication that includes the lowest number of active ingredients unless otherwise instructed by a pediatrician.

Talk to the experts
The FDA also recommended that parents speak with a pharmacist before administering a new medication to their child, especially if the child has allergies or is currently taking other medications. A pharmacist will be able to tell you if the medicine you've chosen may have adverse reactions, and will be able to make alternate recommendations if this proves to be the case.

Finally, some medications shouldn't be taken over the counter. If your pediatrician recommends prescription medication, following his or her instructions is the safest option. FLAVORx offers medicinal flavoring that can help children take medication, both prescription and over the counter. Ask your pharmacist how you can get your child's medication in his or her favorite flavor to make medicine time a little bit easier.